{"id":7799,"date":"2026-07-06T12:43:43","date_gmt":"2026-07-06T09:13:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/ip-subnet-vlsm-ipv4-ipv6\/"},"modified":"2026-07-06T12:43:46","modified_gmt":"2026-07-06T09:13:46","slug":"ip-subnet-vlsm-ipv4-ipv6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/ip-subnet-vlsm-ipv4-ipv6\/","title":{"rendered":"IP Subnet: VLSM\u060c IPv4 \u0648 IPv6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 MikroTik \u0627\u0633\u062a \u2014 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 VLAN \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627 <strong>VLSM<\/strong> \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0647 <strong>IPv6<\/strong>. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 <strong>\u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 Subnet \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u06f1. IPv4 \u0648 CIDR<\/h2>\n<p>\u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 IPv4 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 octet \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b <strong>CIDR<\/strong> (\u0645\u062b\u0644 <code dir=\"ltr\">\/24<\/code>) \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f bit\u0647\u0627\u06cc network \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">192.168.1.0\/24<\/code> \u2192 256 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 (254 usable)<\/li>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">10.0.0.0\/8<\/code> \u2192 16 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/li>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">\/30<\/code> \u2192 4 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u2014 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc PtP link \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u06f2. VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 VLSM \u06cc\u06a9 block \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 subnet\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u2014 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a IP.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <code dir=\"ltr\">10.10.0.0\/16<\/code> \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">10.10.1.0\/24<\/code> \u2014 VLAN \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc (254 host)<\/li>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">10.10.2.0\/24<\/code> \u2014 VLAN \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">10.10.255.0\/30<\/code> \u2014 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 PtP HQ\u2194Branch<\/li>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">10.10.255.4\/30<\/code> \u2014 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 PtP HQ\u2194DC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u06f3. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 Subnet \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062a\u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/network-tools\/#subnet\">IP Subnet \/ VLSM<\/a> \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0648 prefix \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u2014 network\/broadcast\/host range \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc VLSM: block \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0648 subnet\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc NOC \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u06f4. IPv6 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 IPv4<\/h2>\n<p>IPv6 \u0628\u0627 128-bit address \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">\/64<\/code> \u2014 \u06cc\u06a9 subnet \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f (\u06cc\u06a9 VLAN)<\/li>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">\/48<\/code> \u2014 block \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 ISP<\/li>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">\/127<\/code> \u2014 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 PtP (\u062f\u0648 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633)<\/li>\n<li>SLAAC \u0648 DHCPv6 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc host\u061b routing \u0628\u0627 OSPFv3 \u06cc\u0627 static<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a IPv4 \u0648 IPv6 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u2014 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc dual-stack planning.<\/p>\n<h2>\u06f5. \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a MikroTik<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0647\u0631 interface\/router \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f IP \u062f\u0631 subnet \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u2014 gateway \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631 upstream<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0632 overlap subnet \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u2014 routing loop \u06cc\u0627 blackhole<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc VLAN: \u06cc\u06a9 subnet per VLAN\u061b inter-VLAN routing \u0631\u0648\u06cc L3 switch \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<li><code dir=\"ltr\">\/ip pool<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc DHCP \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 usable range \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u06f6. \u0686\u06a9\u200c\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f host \u0647\u0631 segment \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li>Block private (10.0.0.0\/8\u060c 172.16.0.0\/12\u060c 192.168.0.0\/16) \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li>PtP link\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \/30 \u06cc\u0627 \/31 (RouterOS v7) \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0632\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 VLSM \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u2014 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a export \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n<p>\u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a = \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc routing + DHCP \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 conflict + \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 IPv6. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 deploy\u060c subnet\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/network-tools\/#subnet\">\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 Subnet \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 CIDR\u060c VLSM \u0648 IPv6 \u2014 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 block \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0647 subnet\u0647\u0627\u06cc VLAN \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 PtP. \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 Subnet \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a network\/broadcast\/host range \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[947],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-engineering-network"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7799","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7799"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7799\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7799"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7799"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abnn.ir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7799"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}